Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) headache. Brain abscess.Ĭenters for Disease Control and Prevention. Acute transverse myelitis: demyelinating, inflammatory, and infectious myelopathies. Acute encephalitis - diagnosis and management. Microbiology and treatment of brain abscess. Neurological Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Meningitis and encephalitis fact sheet.Ĭenters for Disease Control and Prevention. Multiple sclerosis may also lead to myelitis. People with an HIV infection are more at risk of rare infections such as a brain abscess. Immune system disorders: If you have a compromised immune system for any reason, you may be more at risk of experiencing a brain infection.Parasite: A parasitic infection in the brain may be caused by toxoplasmosis, cysticercosis, schistosomiasis, or strongyloides.Fungus: A fungal infection that spreads to the brain may be caused by the Aspergillus, Blastomyces, Coccidioides, or Cryptococcus fungus.Bacteria: The bacteria most likely to lead to a bacterial brain infection in the United States include Streptococcus pneumoniae, group B Streptococcus, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae ,and Listeria monocytogenes.Mosquito-borne illnesses like West Nile and Zika may also lead to a brain infection. Possible causes include the herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and influenza viruses. Virus: While rare, several viruses can lead to an infection of the brain, spinal cord, or surrounding area.
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